Explicit Phonics Lesson
R-controlled vowel: -ar
Day 1
Objective: Sound and blend words using the ar spelling as r-controlled.
Review
“You
know that there are two kinds of letters: consonants and vowels. You also know
that every word or syllable must have a vowel. What are the names of the
letters that we call vowels?” a,
e, i, o, u, and sometimes y “What are the short sounds
of these vowels?” Ask for them one at a time reviewing the key words and
hand signals as well as the short sounds.
“A couple of weeks ago we studied a
letter that was bossy when he had to come after a vowel. Who remembers the
bossy letter?” Use the Bossy R
illustration from Project Read materials. “The name of
that bossy letter is R. R is not always bossy. If it comes in front of a vowel,
it doesn’t get upset at all. It leaves the vowel that comes after it alone. But
if R has to follow after a vowel, it gets upset and gets bossy. The
vowel we are going to work with today is a,
but R can boss the other vowels as well. What other vowel have we studied that
was bossed by the R?” o as the
or in for.
“When R follows a in a
word, the R controls the a and makes
the ar spelling say /ar/ as in the
word card. The picture that we will
be using to remember the ar sound is a picture of a star. Ar says /ar/ as in
the end of the word star. Say that with me.” Students respond. “Some other words
with the /ar/ sound are: art, part, hard,
and arm.” Write the words on
the board or use flash cards with the words. The ar should be written in red to establish
the spelling pattern that the students are to look for.
“What do
we call r when it follows a vowel?” Bossy
“What
does the r make the o say when r
comes after it?” /ôr/ as in for
“What
does the r make the a say when r
comes after it?” /ar/ as in star
“Does
the letter r get bossy when it has to follow other vowels?” yes
“When
does r become a bossy letter?” When
it has to follow a vowel in a word.
“What is
the sound of ar?” /ar/
PA (oral)
“Listen to
these words and see if you can hear the ar sound or not. If you hear the /ar/ sound
in the word, I want you to give me a thumbs up. If you don’t hear /ar/ in the
word, give me a thumbs down. So if I say far,
/f/ /ar/, you would give me a thumbs up because the ar sound is in the word far. If I say rat, /r/ /ă/ /t/, you would give me a thumbs down because you do
not hear ar in the word rat.
army sharp dart scar sort smart
rate cart trap party porch barn
Decoding
Use the decoding procedure as in
previous lessons. Take time to talk
about the meanings of any words that might be unknown.
dart harm tar yarn
shark mark card chart
star part barn park
Some clues might
be:
1. black, gooey substance used on roads tar
2. antonym for all part
3. a place to have
a picnic park
4. a shelter for
farm animals barn
5. a dangerous
water animal shark
6. our sun is one
of these star
7. a sharp pointed
object thrown at a target dart
8. synonym for
hurt or injure harm
9. used to knit a
sweater yarn
10. like paper but
thicker and stiff card
11. a large piece
of paper with information chart
When there is only one word left
(mark), have the buddies read the last word. Each buddy then uses the word in a
sentence.
Decodable Text
Practice reading words in text using
the decoding practice page.
Day 2
Review
“What is
the short sound of the letter a?” /ă/
“What
letter bosses the vowels around?”
R
“The
letter R is not always bossy. When is it not bossy?” When it comes before the vowel.
“When is
it bossy?” When it has to follow
the vowel.
“When R
comes after o, what sound do they
make?” /ôr/
“When R
comes after a, what sound do they make?”
/ar/
“What
picture helps us remember that sound?”
The star
PA (oral)
“I am going to
say some words with the ar sound. I
want you to tell me if the sound is at the beginning, in the middle, or at the
end of the word. If I say yard, you
would tell me the ar is in the middle
of the word. If I say art, you would tell
me the ar is at the beginning of the
word. Be sure your Buddy agrees with you before you raise your hand to give me
your answer.” (Segment words if needed.) “Where
is the ar sound in the star?” At the end.
guard arm far charge jar spark
artist bar ark large smart scar
Decoding
Use the same procedure that was used
on Day 1.
smart harp start spark
scar hard yard cart
March arm car darn
1. synonym for begin start
2. the name of the third month March
3. a mark on your skin where a cut has healed scar
4. a musical instrument with strings harp
5. antonym for easy hard
6. synonym for automobile car
7. to fix with a needle and thread darn
8. something that can start a fire spark
9. you have two of these arms
10. synonym for
intelligent smart
11. a vehicle with wheels used to move things cart
Have
the students read the last word (yard) to their partner. Then each makes up a
sentence using the word. Have them go for 7-Up sentences (7 or more words in
the sentence.)
Decodable Text
Use ar phrases to practice phrase reading. The first time through, have
them follow as you read. The second time, have them chorally read with you.
Then the Buddies can take turns reading to each other.
Day 3
Review
What
letter is bossy if it can’t go in front of the vowel in a word? R
What
sound does the spelling pattern or
make? /ôr/
What
sound does the ar spelling pattern make?
/ar/
Does R
change the vowel sound when it is in front of the vowel? No
Can R
change the sound of other vowels?
Yes
What is
the spelling pattern that makes the
/ar/ sound? ar
Encoding: Dictation
Use the dictation
procedure. Be sure to make them ask, “Which spelling?”
1. /ôr / or /ch/ ch /th/ th /ar/ ar /k/ -ck
2. barn farm tar
3. part dart
sharp
4. apartment starting
A barn is part of the farm.
Decodable Text:
Practice reading the ar phrases as it was done on
Day 2.
Day 4
Review: Have the class decode 6 to 8 /k/ words on the board or on flashcards.
Word
Building
or Word Chaining
Use as much as you feel is
appropriate.
art barn shark
cart yarn sharp
part yard harp
mart card tarp
smart hard tart
start harm dart
tart arm dark
tar farm bark
star lark
Decodable Text
Use the ar sentences to practice reading short ă words in context. Follow
the format of the phrase reading.
Day 5
Review
What is
the letter that is sometimes bossy?
R
The
letter R is not always bossy. When is it not bossy? When it comes before the vowel.
When is
it bossy? When it has to
follow the vowel.
When rcomes
after a, what sound do the two letters make? /ar/
Encoding/Dictation
1. /ar/
ar /ôr/ or / ĭ/ ĭ /k/ ck /ŏ / o
2. arm harm farm
3. ark art smart
4. ballpark charming
Bart
will do no harm at the farm.
(Bart is smart and charming.)
Decodable Text: Use
ar sentences to practice re-reading
with a buddy.
Decoding
Practice
|
yarn
barn ark part chart
star
start park shark farm
|
on
the farm
the
big barn
to the park
the last part
1.
What
part was the best?
2.
The
chart was on the stand.
3.
This
dark mark is not art.
4. Don’t
harm the shark.
5. The farm yard had a barn.
6. They
play cards at the park.
ar Phrases
1.
a
ball of yarn
2.
his
backyard
3.
in
the barn
4.
on
the farm
5.
a
barking dog
6.
report
card
7.
a
jar of jam
8.
the
hard part
9.
arm in arm
10. from the start
11. the sharp fork
12. lots of charm
13. parking the car
ar Sentences
1.
Put
that part on the cart.
2.
Karl
did the hard part.
3.
She
plays the harp at the start.
4.
The
ark was a barnyard on a ship.
5.
After
dark we can see the stars.
6.
Mark cut his arm at the park.
7.
We
got back from the farm at dark.
8.
A
lark sang a song in the yard.
9.
How
hard is it to toss a dart?
10. He is smart to start with
this part.
11. We had a ball of red yarn
in art.
12. They play cards at the
park.
13. The animals walk into the
barn.
14. The animals walk into the barn.
15. Do not harm my arm with a spark.
16. The band will march to the park.
17. The hard part was just to start.
18. The pals walk arm in arm.
19. There are six stars on his chart.
20. At the start Mark had the best part.
21. Parking the car was
hard for Dad.
Merry Christmas and a Blessed New Year to all!
