Thursday, August 23, 2012

Explicit Phonics Short u Lesson


Explicit Phonics Lesson
Short ŭ
Day 1

Objective: Sound and blend words using the short ŭ.
Review
          What is the short sound of a? / ă/ as in apple. (Have letter card Aa visible) What is the hand sign that we have used for  /ă/? Wait for a response: holding an apple.
What is the short sound of i? /ĭ/ as is in itch (Have letter card Ii visible.) Use the hand signal of scratching the left arm with the right hand for itch.
What is the short sound of o? /ŏ/ as in octopus (Have letter card Oo visible) Use the hand signal for octopus.
What is the short sound of e? /ĕ/ as in edge (Have letter card Ee visible.) Rub the finger on the edge of the table or desk.
Today we are going to work with the short u sound, /ŭ / as in up. The hand signal for the short ŭ sound is putting your thumb up from your fist and raising your fist up. Say that sound with me. /ŭ/ Let’s think of some other words that begin with the /ŭ/ sound. umbrella, under, until, umpire, us, ugly, etc.

PA (oral)
          Listen to these words and see if you can hear the /ŭ/ sound or not. If you hear the /ŭ/ sound in the word, I want you to give me a thumbs up. If you don’t hear /ŭ/ in the word, give me a thumbs down. So if I say pup, /p/ /ŭ/ /p/, you would give me a thumbs up because the /ŭ/ sound is in the word pup. If I say pat, /p/ /a/ /t/, you would give me a thumbs down because you do not hear/ŭ/ in the word pat.

must            jump            cup              cap              dust             hunt
hat              hut              run              mud             mad             tuck

Decoding
          Use the decoding procedure used in previous lessons. Take time to talk about the meanings of words that might be unknown.

rub              duck            truck           mud            
rust             bulb             gum             bus
tusk             pump            plump           dull



Be sure to stress vocabulary. Some clues might be:
1.  something to chew                                                       gum
2. gently move something across another thing                   rub
3. a water fowl                                                               duck
4.  An iron nail will ______ in water.                              rust
5. antonym for shiny                                                       dull
6. We need to change the light ____.                              bulb
7. synonym for fat                                                         plump
8. a large vehicle used to carry people                             bus
9.  a large animal tooth that sticks out of its mouth           tusk
10. water mixed with dirt                                                mud
11. I will ____ the gas for you.                                       pump

          When there is only one word left (truck), have the buddies read the last word. Each buddy then uses the word in a sentence, telling their buddy.

Decodable Text
          Practice reading words in text using the decoding practice page.

Day 2

Review
What are the names of the vowels? (a, e, i, o, u, and sometimes y)
What is the sound of short a? /ă/  short i? /ĭ/ short o? /ŏ/ short e? /ĕ/
What is the sound of short u? /ŭ/
What is the hand sign and key word we use to remember the sound of short u?
          (Key word: up         Hand sign: thumb lifted up.)
Name some words that begin with the short u sound.
PA
          I am going to say some words with the short u sound. I want you to tell me if the sound is at the beginning or in the middle of the word. If I say nut, you would tell me the /ŭ/ sound is in the middle of the word. If I say us, you would tell me the /ŭ/  sound is at the beginning of the word. Be sure your Buddy agrees with you before you raise your hand to give me your answer. Segment words if needed.

unless          hunt             stuck           fudge           upper           crust
stub            umpire         under           just             undo             trust


Decoding: Use the same procedure that was used on Day 1.

          tug              bump           stuck           club
          luck             thud            bluff            plug
skull             pulp             stun             bunk

1.  group of people who have the same interests                 club
2.  good fortune                                                              luck
3. Synonym for pull                                                         tug
4. Antonym for loose                                                       stuck
5. The bones in your head that protect your brain            skull
6. The end of an electrical cord                                       plug
7.  Noise made when something is dropped softly               thud
8.  Synonym for shock                                                     stun
9.  What you call a single bed over another bed                bunk
10. Try to fool someone by saying something that
      is not true                                                                bluff
11.  The part of the fruit that floats in the juice               pulp

          Have the students read the last word, bump, to their partner. Then each makes up a sentence using the word. Have them go for 7-Up sentences (7 or more words in the sentence.)

Decodable Text
          Use short u phrases to practice  reading. The first time through have them follow as you read. The second time have them chorally read with you. Then the Buddies can take turns reading to each other.
Day 3
Review
What is the key word and hand sign for short u? (up; thumb lifting up.)Give me some words that have the short u sound.
Encoding: Dictation
          Use the dictation procedure.
1.   /ŭ/ u           /th/ th        /ôl/ all     /k/  ck        /ĕ/ e
2.  nut         net           not
3.  must       just          trust
4.  pumpkin            handcuff
     You must trust Gus not to run.

Decodable Text:
       Practice reading the short u phrases  as it was done on Day 2.

Day 4
Review
          Have the class decode 5 or 6 short ĕ words on the board or on flashcards.

Word Building or Word Chaining: Use as much as you feel is appropriate.
us                          duck                      must
bus                        yuck                      bust
but                        tuck                      rust
nut                        truck                     trust
hut                        struck                   thrust
hunt                      stuck                     thus
runt                      suck                      this
run                        sunk                      his
sun                        bunk                      hit
stun                      bun                        hat
spun                      fun                        that

Decodable Text
          Use short u sentences to practice reading in context. Follow the format of the phrase reading.

Day 5
Review
The sound of short ŭ is _____.
The key word for short ŭ is _______.
The hand signal for short ŭ is ­­­________.
/ŭ/ is the sound of what letter? u
(Repeat changing ă to ĭ, ŏ, and ĕ)

Encoding/Dictation
1.       /ŏ/ o     /ĭ/ i    /th/ th    / ŭ / u    /ĕ/ e
2.       jump        thump       bump
3.       tug          dug          drug
4.       bedbug        bathtub
          He dug a pit and will jump in  it.

Decodable Text
Use short u sentences to practice reading  with a buddy.

Decoding Practice
  rub   tub   mug  cuff  drum       

  dull  hump  blunt  stun  plus

 pup is up                    
 cup on pup
 must get up               
 bug in the tub


1.         Trust us to hunt him up.

2.       Set the cup and mug on the shelf.

3.       The cub had a small nut.

4.        We will hunt the skunk.

5.        Gus will dump the dust.

6.        The math club is not dull.


Short u  Phrases
 
 1. hug a bug             

 2. jump in the mud   

 3. hunt for nuts       

 4. rub the cup          

 5. in a tall mug         

 6. scrub the tub      

 7. his fan club         

 8. pass the buck      

 9. the dump truck    

   10.  jump and run    
   11. run and jump

 12. brush the dust

 13. run from a skunk

 14. bug in a rug

 15. a stick of gum

 16. crush the plums

 17. a plump bun

 18. fun in the sun

 19. jump the stump

   20. rush to the bus

Short u  Sentences

1.         Do not fuss at Gus.

2.       That trunk has a lot of rust.

3.       I must scrub the tub.

4.       The truck is stuck in the mud.

5.       The bug will hug the cub.

6.        A bus will bump the truck.

7.       That duck dug in the mud.

8.        The smug bug got on a bus

9.  He sat up as the sun came up.

10.  At dusk he must hush.

11.  That skunk stunk!

12.  The stuff in the mug smells bad.

13.   He calls his bluff.

14.   Gus dumps the buns on us.

15.   It is bad to yell, “Shut up!”

16.   It is fun to run and jump.

17.   The sum of six plus ten is 16.

18.  Just do not get stuck.

Thursday, August 9, 2012

Explicit Phonics Lesson short e


A Word of Caution:
Many places you will see an elephant or an elf used as a key word for the short e sound. The l that follows the e is confusing to students because it sounds like the name of the letter l. Actually the l is co-articulated with the e causing the sound of the short e not to be true. The same type of thing occurs when the e is followed by n as in engine. Edge, echo, and egg are much better key words. Dialects in different parts of the country also cause problems with the short e sound.


Explicit Phonics Lesson
Short ĕ
Day 1

Objective: Sound and blend words using the short ĕ.
Review
          What is the short sound of a? / ă/ as in apple. (Have letter card Aa visible) What is the hand sign that we have used for  /ă/? Wait for a response: holding an apple.
What is the short sound of i? /ĭ/ as is in itch (Have letter card Ii visible.) Use the hand signal of scratching the left arm with the right hand for itch.
What is the short sound of o? /ŏ/ as in octopus (Have letter card Oo visible) Use the hand signal for octopus.
Today we will be reviewing the short sound of the letter e, /ĕ/ as in edge. Use the hand signal of rubbing a finger along the edge of the desk or table. Say that sound with me. /ĕ/ Let’s think of some other words that begin with the /ĕ/ sound. egg, echo, education, end, etc.

PA (oral)
          Listen to these words and see if you can hear the /ĕ/ sound or not. If you hear the /ĕ/ sound in the word, I want you to give me a thumbs up. If you don’t hear /ĕ/ in the word, give me a thumbs down. So if I say pet, /p/ /ĕ/ /t/, you would give me a thumbs up because the /ĕ/ sound is in the word pet. If I say pat, /p/ /a/ /t/, you would give me a thumbs down because you do not hear
/ĕ/ in the word pat.

let               lit                lot               hen              went            when
lost              last              step            rest             wrist           yell

Note: This is a good time to teach the "FLoSZ" RuleThe consonants f, l, s, or z,  are doubled when they come at end of a one-syllable word and are preceded by one short vowel. The rule will be used in many of the words in this lesson.

Decoding
          Use the decoding procedure. Take time to talk about the meanings of any words that might be unknown.

wet              shed            dress           tent            
rest             pest            mend            blend
hen              stem            melt             shell

          Once all the words are on the board, use the “Buddy Up” strategy and give clues as in previous lessons. Be sure to stress vocabulary.


Some clues might be:
1.  antonym for sleep                                     rest
2. synonym for stalk                                     stem
3. containing water                                       wet
4. to change from a solid to a liquid               melt
5. found on the beach                                   shell
6. barnyard fowl                                          hen
7. to mix together                                        blend 
8. a small building for tools                           shed
9.  to fix or repair something                        mend
10. a portable  shelter                                  tent
11. something or someone that bothers you       pest

          When there is only one word left, have the buddies read the last word. Each buddy then uses the word in a sentence, telling their buddy.

Decodable Text
          Practice reading words in text using the transparency.

Day 2

Review
What are the names of the vowels? (a, e, i, o, u, and sometimes y)
What are the letters that are not vowels called?   (consonants)
What is the sound of short a?   /ă/  short i? /ĭ/ short o? /ŏ/ short e? /ĕ/
What is the hand sign and key word we use to remember the sound of short e?
          (Key word: edge     Hand sign: rub finger on the edge of the table.)
Name some words that begin with the short e sound.

PA
          I am going to say some words with the short e sound. I want you to tell me if the sound is in the middle of the word or at the beginning of the word. If I say elf, you would tell me the /ĕ/  sound is at the beginning of the word. If I say sent , you would tell me the /ĕ/  sound is in the middle of the word. Be sure your Buddy agrees with you before you raise your hand to give me your answer. Segment words if needed.

men             tell              red              egg              rest             effort
exit             bend            mesh            west            empty          felt


Decoding
          Use the same procedure that was used on Day 1.

          belt             sent             step            ten
          hem             yell              spell            shelf
          smell            leg               bed              dwell

1.  Cloth turned up at the bottom of a garment                 hem
2.  Gave it to someone to take it somewhere                    sent
3. Synonym for cot                                                          bed
4. Antonym for arm                                                         leg
5. A place to keep books                                                  shelf
6. Worn with a school uniform                                          belt
7.  Eleven take away one                                                  ten
8.  One of our 5 senses                                                    smell
9.  Call in a loud voice                                                      yell
10. To live in a place                                                        dwell
11.  To write letters to represent sounds in a word             spell

          Have the students read the last word to their partner. Then each makes up a sentence using the word. Have them go for 7-Up sentences (7 or more words in the sentence.)

Decodable Text
          Use Short ĕ Phrases to practice reading. The first time through have them follow as you read. The second time have them chorally read with you. Then the Buddies can take turns reading to each other.

Day 3
Review
What is the key word and hand sign for short e? (edge; rub finger on table edge.) 
Give me some words that have the short e sound.

Encoding: Dictation
          Use the dictation procedure.
1.   /ĭ/ i            /ă/  a           /ĕ/ e       /k/  ck        /ŏ/ o
2.  fed         led          sled
3.  end         send       went
4.  chest      pigpen
     Ben went to the end of the pigpen.

Decodable Text:
       Practice reading Short ĕ Phrases  as it was done on Day 2.

Day 4
Review
          Have the class decode 5 or 6 short ĕ words on the board or on flashcards.
 
Word Building or Word Chaining
          Use as much as you feel is appropriate.
end                        red                        held
bend                      bed                       help
bent                      bet                       yelp
went                      met                       yell
sent                      set                        shell
set                        send                      tell
get                        mend                     tall
wet                       bend                      talk
west                      blend                     walk
rest                      lend                       wall
best                      lest                       well

Decodable Text
          Use Short ĕ Sentences to practice reading words in context. Follow the format of the phrase reading.

Day 5

Review

The sound of short ă is _____.
The key word for short ă is _______.
The hand signal for short ă is ­­­________.
/a/ is the sound of what letter?
(Repeat changing ă to ĭ, ŏ, and ĕ)

Encoding/Dictation

1.       /th/ th     /sh/ sh    /ch/ ch    /ĭ/ i    /ĕ/ e
2.       net          nest         rest
3.       wet         went       rent
4.       flesh       test
          Ned did his best on the test.

Decodable Text:
Use Short ĕ Sentences to practice re-reading sentences with a buddy.
Decoding Practice

  pet   set   sent   net   nest       

  test  yes  kept   red   felt


ten men                     
get all wet
eggs in a nest            
went to bed

1.         Fred will get a small pet.

2.       Ken went to bed at ten.

3.       Nell had a pad and pen.

4.       The jet went west of the hills.

5.       Bess will press the dress.

6.       Ed has a mess in the shed.

Short e  Phrases
1.         a wet pet           
2.       the best belt       
3.       the bad smell      
4.       bent the bell       
5.       set it on the bed 
6.     get the net         
7.       ten best pets      
8.       tell the men        
9.       get all set           
10.   a red vest           
  11. lend a hand
  12. fresh fish
  13. the rest of it
  14. all this mess
  15. get less rest
  16. hem the dress 
  17. spell it well 
  18. smell the pig 
  19. pen ten hens
   20. send them
 
Short e  Sentences

1.         Get the sick pet to the vet.

2.       We will bend them end to end.

3.       The men set a chest on the shelf.

4.       Then Ned shed his vest.

5.       The next best pet is a hen.

6.        We met the vet at ten.

7.       This will get me all wet.

8.        Tess can dress the best.

9.  The pen is on the desk.

10.  It had a fresh smell.

11.  Next Mel swept the shed.

12.  Do not step in that mess!

13.  She slept in the big bed.

14.   We will rent a tent to rest in.

15.   Ben felt glad when he wed Nell.

16.  A small elf will go to the well.

17.  The pet hen is red.

18. Ted will get the sled wet.